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![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The statistical analysis on our data from the survey of over 17,000 managers in sixty-two societies (House et al., 2004) produced 21 primary dimensions of leadership. GLOBE designed a questionnaire with 112 leader attributes and behaviors items which included a wide variety of traits, skills, behaviors, and abilities potentially relevant to leadership emergence and effectiveness. We extended the concept of implicit leadership theory (Lord & Maher, 1991) to the level of national culture and hypothesized that members of different societies may have differing expectations from their leaders, influenced by their cultural values. The GLOBE research team defined leadership as the ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members (House et al, 2004). Leadership and GLOBE’s Culturally Endorsed Leadership Theory (CLT) The greater the desire to avoid uncertainty, the more people seek orderliness, consistency, structure, formal procedures, and laws to cover situations in their daily lives. Uncertainty Avoidance: The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies (and should rely) on social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events.Power Distance: The extent to which the community accepts and endorses authority, power differences, and status privileges.Gender Egalitarianism: The degree to which a collective minimizes (and should minimize) gender inequality.In-Group Collectivism: The degree to which individuals express (and should express) pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their organizations or families.Institutional Collectivism: The degree to which organizational and societal institutional practices encourage and reward (and should encourage and reward) collective distribution of resources and collective action.Humane Orientation: The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards (and should encourage and reward) individuals for being fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others.Future Orientation: The extent to which individuals engage (and should engage) in future-oriented behaviors such as planning, investing in the future, and delaying gratification.Assertiveness: The degree to which individuals are (and should be) assertive, confrontational, and aggressive in their relationship with others.Performance Orientation: The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards (and should encourage and reward) group members for performance improvement and excellence.Culture construct definitions, example questionnaire items, and national exemplars of the extremes are presented in House, et al., 2004). Listed here are brief definitions of the nine cultural dimensions. We were thus able to provide a rigorous large scale comparison of cultural values and practices in many parts of the world. By the end of this process, over 17000 middle managers in 62 cultures participated in the study to measure cultural values and practices in each country. They were analyzed by conventional psychometric procedures (e.g., item analysis, factor analysis, generalizability analysis) to establish nine dimensions of societal culture. Hundreds of items related to societal culture were assessed in several pilot studies. In the first phase of the GLOBE project, researchers identified and developed measures of societal culture. Shared motives, values, beliefs, identities, and interpretations or meanings of significant events that result from common experiences of members of collectives that are transmitted across generations. For Project GLOBE, culture is defined as follows: The term culture typically refers to a set of parameters of collectives that differentiate each collective in a meaningful way, with a focus on the “sharedness” of cultural indicators among members of the collective. ![]() A description and results of the latest 2014 CEO GLOBE study can be found elsewhere in this GLOBE website. The following is a brief description of the major objectives and findings of the program published in 20. Since 1991, the GLOBE research program has continued in three distinct but interrelated phases. GLOBE became a multi-phase, multi-method, multi sample research project in which investigators spanning the world are examined the interrelationships between societal culture, societal effectiveness and organizational leadership. The GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness) research program was founded by Robert House in 1991. An overview of the 2004 study: Understanding the Relationship Between National Culture, Societal Effectiveness and Desirable Leadership Attributes ![]() ![]() They are a digital download that you can resize to fit the size of your pumpkin. These free cat pumpkin carving designs are available as PDF files. There are plenty of easy designs and some intricate to meet all skill levels. Perfect for holiday designs, decorations. Doodle set of Halloween elements - skull, raven, witchs cauldron, broom and hat, creepy pumpkin lantern, jar with eyeballs. Choose From 67 Of The Most Creative And Cute Cat Pumpkin Carving Patterns That Will Satisfy Any Cat Lover.įind your favorite- we have funny cats, ones that look like cartoon characters, lovable cat faces, realistic cat stencils and witchy cat templates. Perfect for holiday designs, decorations. ![]() If you are looking for other pumpkin ideas, we also have free pumpkin carving patterns for Star Wars, ghosts, witches, skulls and cute owls. Put it anywhere you have carved or made cuts. 54 free printable Jack O Lantern coloring pages, easy to print from any device and automatically fit any paper size.
![]() ![]() We should note that some experts expressed concern that if the public debate around gun violence focuses too much on mass shootings, there’s a risk of overlooking the fact that gun murders disproportionately affect minorities, especially African-Americans.ĭuwe pointed us to an essay he penned for Reason magazine in 2014, in which he argued Mother Jones has low-balled its tally of mass shootings as a result of relying solely on news coverage as its source of data. Three attacks were carried out by women, including one of the two perpetrators behind the 2015 San Bernardino shooting. Of these, 50 were carried out by white men - hence, where Newsweek and other outlets got the statistic that 54 percent of mass shootings carried out since 1982 were done so by white men.įor comparison’s sake, Mother Jones' data show African-Americans accounted for 15 mass shootings, while Latinos and Asians were responsible for seven each. The Mother Jones database, which dates back to Aug. This language is similar to a 2013 statute that defines "mass killings" as three or more killed in a single incident, though that applies to any weapon. Mother Jones defines a public mass shooting as an incident in which the motive appeared to be indiscriminate killing and a lone gunman took the lives of at least three people. The number of mass shootings a group tallies can vary dramatically based on how the term is defined.įor example, the Gun Violence Archive, a nonprofit organization that tracks gun-related injuries and deaths, defines a mass shooting as "four or more shot and/or killed in a single incident, at the same general time and location, not including the shooter." According to that group, there have been 274 mass shootings so far this year, or nearly one per day.Īnother widely cited source comes from the progressive media outlet Mother Jones, which created a database in 2012 after the mass shooting at an Aurora, Colo., movie theater. Some of the differences in the datasets are the result of having no universally accepted definition of mass shooting. ![]() But some media organizations and nongovernmental groups have taken up the task in various forms. government entity specifically tracks mass shootings - much less, the shooters’ race and ethnicity, experts told us. ![]() ![]() ![]() “Where I Really Come From” is one of the most harrowing episodes of superhero TV ever produced, with half of its runtime dedicated to a fight that matches extreme, spectacular violence with a devastating emotional conflict. Mark Grayson was never going to turn his back on humanity, and when his father asks him to do that so they can conquer Earth, Mark responds by doing everything he can to stop him. To view the spoiler, simply hover your cursor over the text.We knew it was going to be bad. There can't be any spaces in between the ! and the spoiler.Īdd the scope of the spoiler in the brackets.
![]() All mechanically ventilated patients at the time of the morning ward round were included in our study if they were eligible. Time of estimation was the first and third Friday of each month during the 3-month observational period. We asked medical professionals working in the ICU of our hospital (nurses, physicians, respiratory therapists) to visually estimate the body sizes of mechanically ventilated patients. Visual estimation and measurement of body height Informed consent was obtained from all patients post hoc after extubation or from relatives. It was retrospectively registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS), trial number DRKS00010899. The study was registered and approved by the institutional review board (Ethics Committee of Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 15-5414-BR) and performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Exclusion criteria were body height 200 cm, amputation of lower limbs and colonisation with multi-resistant pathogens. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and mechanical ventilation on a pressure-controlled mode in the supine position. Between February and April 2016, 28 patients receiving mechanical ventilation treated in the ICU of a tertiary centre (Marienhospital Herne, University of Bochum, Germany) were enrolled prospectively into this study. This non-interventional, observational study aimed to investigate the practice of visual estimation of body height, followed by a simulation of ventilator settings with low tidal volumes. We hypothesised that, by visual estimation of body height, patients might be exposed to tidal volumes exceeding the recommended thresholds of lung-protective ventilation. We investigated the accuracy of height estimates as a reference for the definition of tidal volumes and compared the results with the real data of body measurement and lung-protective tidal volumes. Visual estimation of body height can be done at a glance during busy ward rounds or in primary care and is a tempting option due to time constraints. Height estimations are known to be potentially imprecise, but ICU clinicians seem to use estimates as a reference figure when accurate information is needed. Other studies have suggested measurement of forearms, lower legs or demispan to calculate tidal volumes. In fact, it is likely that most ICUs use visual estimates to calculate tidal volumes, a method which is apparently becoming common practice in intensive care therapy. A UK survey investigating the calculation of tidal volumes revealed that only one-third of all tidal volumes are defined as recommended by guidelines. There are few data on the quality of measurement of body height, but as indicated by some evidence, it is common practice for intensivists to visually estimate body height. The technique to obtain a reference height, however, is crucial because the definition of tidal volumes is reliant on accurate information concerning body height. Unfortunately, most studies investigating LTV strategies do not describe what reference heights were used to calculate and define the target tidal volumes. ![]() Several studies have focused on the actual effect of a LTV strategy itself or on how stringently LTV is applied, but the question of height determination itself has not been studied comprehensively. Hence, an accurate measurement of height is necessary to provide an optimal ventilation strategy in ALI. Therefore, the prerequisite for calculation of the PBW is the knowledge of an exact body height. ![]() The current recommended ARDSnet formula uses body height as the only changeable variable in a mathematical equation to calculate the PBW, upon which tidal volumes are finally defined. Clearly, a precise definition of tidal volumes is crucial to achieve a respiratory support with low tidal ventilation (LTV) of <6.5ml/kg/PBW. The same study also demonstrated an 18% relative increase in mortality for each 1-ml/kg/PBW increase in mean tidal volume. ![]() Compared with a mean tidal volume 8.5 ml/kg/PBW. In this study, a three-level categorical model was used to compare three different mean tidal volumes, 8.5 ml/kg PBW, and their impact upon survival. A prospective cohort study published in 2012 evaluated the association of ventilator tidal volume with two-year survival in patients with ALI. ![]() Lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes (6 ml/kg predicted body weight ) and plateau pressures of ≤30 cmH 2O have been shown to decrease mortality and are, therefore, part of a ventilation strategy. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening condition with severe hypoxaemia that typically necessitates treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) and mechanical ventilation. ![]() ![]() ![]() Window._dctk_guid_ = JSON. These fees are used for the general purposes of AARP.Window._PUBLIC_PATH_ = JSON.parse("\"https:\\u002F\\\\u002Fblossom-flex-ui\\u002F\"") Expedia pays a royalty fee to AARP for the use of AARP's intellectual property. Please contact the AARP Travel Center directly for full details. Offers are subject to change and may have restrictions. AARP and its affiliates do not endorse and are not responsible for the goods or services and discounts made available on this site. All goods or services and discounts offered via the AARP® Travel Center powered by Expedia®, are provided by third-party suppliers. AARP and its affiliates do not provide retail goods or services or discounts on such goods or services. Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the Expedia User Agreement and Privacy Policy. † More information about the $50 gift card with flight package benefit may be found at: Įnglish Copyright 1995 - 2023. Your Privacy Choices Opens in a new window.The hardest packing you'll have to do is for your suitcase. You can coordinate your whole trip, including activities in Florida Keys from only one site. AARP Travel Center allows you to easily get all you wish for, and save money on your vacation. With so much to see and do in Florida Keys, you'll be wanting to plan your outings, not devoting time to searching for the hotel with the lowest rate. Save with a Florida Keys Vacation Package If you need more suggestions, then make sure to click on AARP's "Things to Do" tab. A little curiosity and asking the right people, like your hotel's concierge, goes a long way into having a unique experience. The fact that you are going to Florida Keys means your trip is already off to a fabulous start. With AARP Travel Center's Florida Keys hotel packages, you not only get a great rate on your flight, but also a terrific place to stay. Popular attractions Duval Street and Key West Tropical Forest and Botanical Garden are located nearby. Located in the heart of the Conch Republic, feel at home in one of the best hotels in Key West with white sand beaches, a chic island design, and a private. Enjoy free WiFi, a private beach, and a marina. Ocean Key Resort & Spa offers fun and romantic Key West vacation packages and deals. Save up to 625 dollars when you book your flight and hotel together Vacation packages with exclusive deals on airline tickets & hotels worldwide. Download today to stay connected with important trip details anytime, anywhere. Our listings include accommodations that are close to all the Florida Keys points of interest, and some that are just outside the city center for a more restful retreat.įrom Florida Keys hotels with multiple pools and on-site restaurants, to boutique accommodations that add all the extra touches, you'll get a hotel here that will make your trip astounding. Washington (DCA) to Key West (EYW) Stay at this 3.5-star beach hotel in Key West. Discover hotel, flight and rental car deals exclusively in the app. AARP Travel Center has a fabulous choice of flights and hotels, as well as Florida Keys things to do to pick from. With only a few clicks, you can pick the best vacation package for you and your family. We're here to book everything you'll need to make your Florida Keys trip one to remember. Looking to save some money and some time on your upcoming trip to Florida Keys? Then look no further, as the AARP Travel Center Powered by Expedia® is here to help. ![]() ![]() Previous research by Beni, Stears and James (2017) reported on the way in which foundation phase teachers interpreted the curriculum to enable them to teach natural science. Unfortunately, little emphasis is placed on natural science learning. In this curriculum, natural science as an area of learning is included as a component of 'beginning knowledge'. The current curriculum in post-apartheid South Africa is known as the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) (South African Department of Basic Education 2011). Since 1994, Early Childhood Development (ECD) has been acknowledged and recognised as an essential focus theme for South Africa's social and economic transformation and development (South African Department of Basic Education 2009:11). Keywords: classroom interaction hands-on science implementation science curriculum science knowledge. This pedagogic knowledge could have translated into pedagogic content knowledge should the teachers have attempted to spend more time preparing their science lessons to ensure that they mastered the necessary science content and science knowledge, as well as appropriate methodologies to teach scienceĬONCLUSION: Science education should be in the foreground in the foundation phase curriculum to encourage teachers to teach science as an integral part of the curriculum However, in-depth observations revealed that while teachers generally had poor science knowledge, they were competent in engaging learners through questions and activities. RESULTS: The findings revealed that teachers were not competent in teaching science and when rated according to their profiles of curriculum implementation all four were allocated low scores. METHODS: This interpretative, qualitative study used classroom observation, learners' workbooks and post-observation interviews to develop an understanding of teachers' science knowledge, their facilitation of hands-on science investigations as well as the nature of their interaction with learners in the science classroom Four foundation phase teachers participated in the study SETTING: The research was conducted in a primary school in a province of South Africa. It is important that research determines where teachers face challenges in teaching science in order to assist them to bridge the gaps and to improve their competence in teaching scienceĪIM: The aim of this research was to explore teachers' implementation of the science curriculum IIDepartment of Management, Management College of South Africa (MANCOSA), Durban, South AfricaīACKGROUND: Foundation phase teachers are not science specialists however, they are expected to teach science. IDepartment of Science and Technology Education, School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa Teaching science in the foundation phase: Where are the gaps and how are they accounted for?Īngela A. ![]() ![]() ![]() However, during the peak summer holiday season the beaches can become very busy and generally aren't large enough to provide any sort of seclusion. Despite all that Mykonos Town has to offer, perhaps the island's biggest draw for tourists are its many beaches, with golden sand that are generally easy to reach. Exploring the town, visitors will find its charming old port ferry quay, the bustling Taxi Square, many tavernas located along the shoreline, museums, expensive shops and typical Greek whitewashed houses, especially in the Little Venice quarter. The island's capital is Mykonos Town, or Hora, and is the hub of the island's tourist industry. The Greek island of Mykonos is one of the Cyclades group of islands and is famous for its unique glamour and typical Greek personality. Ferries generally depart to Piraeus and to the other islands of the Cyclades. The island's port is also in Parikia and hosts both conventional ferries and high speed ferries. There is also an important ecclesiastical attraction in the town in the form of the 6th century Church of Panayia Ekatontapyliani, also known as Katapoliani. Standing atop a hill in the centre of the village is a 13th century Venetian castle which provides glorious views of the town and surrounding area. The capital of Paros, Parikia, is a typically beautiful Cycladic village with whitewashed houses and lovely grand neoclassical mansions. Today, the island's principal source of income is derived from tourism. Historically known for its fine white marble, which gave rise to the term 'Parian' to describe marble or china of similar qualities, the marble mines and quarries have now been abandoned and can be found around the island. The island is 160 km to the south east of the Port of Piraeus. ![]() Located in the Cyclades group of islands, the Greek island of Paros lies in the Aegean Sea, to the west of the island of Naxos from which it is separated by a channel that is around 8 km wide. In the meantime, we suggest that you visit our accommodation page to find all the best places to stay in Paros. A cheaper alternative is the public bus system, which operates on a frequent basis throughout the year. Getting to the port by car is very straightforward as it takes only 30 minutes to drive the entire length of the island (22km). The Paros ferry port is located on the northwest coast of the island and is easily accessible no matter where you are staying. However, there is an alternative ferry to Mykonos if you require additional flexibility including the Athens to Mykonos ferry. With 4 sailings per day, you are bound to find a suitable ferry crossing to suit your needs. Please visit our special offers page to find all the latest discounts. We suggest that you book in advance for the best possible prices and availability. Cheap Ferry to Mykonosįind cheap ferry tickets using our deal finder. Prices subject to change, pricing representative of searches over last 30 days. All ferry prices can vary from season to season. Car prices can range between $150 and $457. The average price of a foot passenger is $130, prices can range between $65 and $264. The ferry price from Paros – Mykonos can range between $65 and $264 depending on the operator, season and whether you are travelling with a vehicle. Please ensure that your pet is fully vaccinated before travelling and has proof of such in a medical certificate. ![]() Can I bring pets on the Paros Mykonos ferry?Yes, pets are welcome onboard ferries from Paros to Mykonos with SeaJets and Golden Star Ferries. You can book cabins on ferries that sail from Paros to Mykonos with Golden Star Ferries and Minoan Lines. Can I reserve a cabin on the ferry from Paros to Mykonos? The earliest ferry leaves Paros at around 08:10 and the last ferry leaves at 17:30. However, please keep in mind that only 1 vehicle is permitted per booking. All ferry companies operating this service allow passengers to bring their cars onboard. Paros Mykonos Ferry ScheduleĬhoose between 17 ferries from Paros to Mykonos each week, with up to 3 sailings available per day. The fastest ferry from Paros to Mykonos is with SeaJets in just 40 minutes. Meanwhile, Golden Star Ferries provide 6 weekly sailings, Minoan Lines provide 3 weekly sailings and Cyclades Fast Ferries provide 2 weekly sailings. SeaJets provide up to 6 weekly sailings throughout the whole year. There are currently 4 ferry companies operating this service. The Paros Mykonos ferry route connects two of the most popular destinations in the Cyclades Islands and is widely available all year round. ![]() ![]() Pro tip: You can use the special function in the Posting module – "Auto-updated description." Here you promote a post with 90 total hashtags, in sets of 30 that will be renewed after 10 minutes and 4 hours. You dont need to login, and you can use the tool. Hashtag volume will help you understand if the competition is tough in this gallery. Instagram User ID finder is an online tool to quickly get a user ID and information for any Instagram account. ![]() It's possible to view recent and top posts to understand if the content in a hashtag gallery is relevant to yours. You can input up to 5 keywords to get diverse results. In the app, you can't see the relevant ideas. Green hashtags are ones suggested by Instagram (usually used in one post), and you can copy them in seconds.That's why we offer an AI-based tool where you can copy and paste hashtags. It's inconvenient to discover hashtags in the Instagram app. Also, hashtags make your posts searchable and help the algorithm show them to potential followers. Since users can follow hashtags on Instagram, your posts are likely to appear in their feed. Hashtags work like Instagram ads, but free. Read this guide for beginners to discover more details. You can choose what actions Inflact should perform – like, follow, unfollow (after three days). For example, if you sell products for the USA market, it will find people by the US geotags. Inflact will boost activity in the locations you choose as a target. Hashtags help to identify niche-specific content and the right accounts. The system will engage with users that apply specific hashtags. For example, you can research your competitors' usernames to interact with their followers (your potential clients). The system will like, watch stories, follow/unfollow these users plus their followers. ![]() ![]() The Promo module is smart and never interacts with random people. This results in users checking on your account and (if they like your content/products) becoming your followers or customers. When you connect an Instagram account to the Promo module, it will interact with accounts you set as a target. ![]() |
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